Section 194I, 194IB & 194IC Under Income Tax Act

What is Section 194I of the Income Tax Act?

Section 194I of the income tax covers TDS on rent. It imposes obligation for TDS deduction on persons(other than individual/HUF) making rental payments to resident indians above a specified limit i.e. Rs.2,40,000 in a year. The rent under this section broadly includes house rent, machine rent, building rent, office rent, furniture rent etc.

This section was introduced to bring rent under the ambit of TDS provisions as rent is a substantial source of income in India, which was escaping the tax net. Who has the need to deduct TDS u/s 194I?

Any person (who is not an Individual/HUF) pays to another resident an income by way of rent is required to deduct TDS u/s 194I. But if the Individual/HUF becomes liable to audit u/s 44AB (a) and (b) then he/she is required to deduct TDS under this section.

What is Rent?

Rent means any payment made under lease or sub-lease or tenancy or any agreement for use of the following:

• Land
• Building (including factory building)
• Machinery
• Plant
• Equipment
• Furniture
• Fittings

What is the rate & limit of tax deduction u/s 194I?

The rate of tax under this section is as follows:

• 2% for the use of any machine or plant or equipment. [1.5% from 14th May 2020 to 31st March 2021 as relief given by the Finance Minister due to coronavirus outbreak]
• 10% for the use of any land or building (including factory building) or both or furniture or fittings. [7.5% from 14th May 2020 to 31st March 2021 as relief given by the Finance Minister due to coronavirus outbreak]

And the time of deducting tax is earlier of, the credit of income to the account of the payee (receiver) or actual payment (in cash, cheque, draft or other modes).

• No TDS Requirement
• Where the amount paid as rent (at once or total in a financial year) to a payee (i.e. receiver) does not exceed ?180000. From the Financial Year 2019-20, this limit has been increased to ?240000.
• Where the rent is given to a business trust (such trust owns the asset) which is a real estate investment trust as referred u/s 10(23FCA).

Some Special Considerations

• Amount paid as warehousing charge is liable to TDS u/s 194I
• The amount given as security deposit to the owner of an asset is not liable to TDS u/s 194I if such amount is refundable in nature. But when that amount of ‘deposit’ is adjusted against rent then it becomes liable to TDS u/s 194I.
• Payment made for renting a business center is liable to TDS under this section.
• When an accommodation in the hotel is taken on a regular basis (i.e. under an agreement) then such payment attracts TDS under this section.

But, if such payment is made by an employee or individual (who represents the company) and is later gets reimbursed then no TDS will be leviable. However, if such individual is liable to audit u/s 44AB then TDS will be levied.

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What is Section 194IB of the Income Tax Act?

We saw how section 194I:TDS on Payment of Rent by Certain Individuals or HUF makes only those Individual/HUF liable to TDS who are required to get accounts audited u/s 44AB. Hence, to widen the coverage and bring in ambit those individuals or HUF who pay a big amount of rent but are still not liable to audit, Section 194IB was introduced in Budget 2017.

Who has the need to deduct TDS u/s 194IB?

Any person (who is an Individual/ HUF but not liable to audit u/s 44AB) pays income by way of rent to a resident is required to deduct TDS under this section.

What is the rate & time of tax deduction u/s 194IB?

The rate of tax deduction is 5% [3.75% from 14th May 2020 to 31st March 2021 as relief given by the Finance Minister due to coronavirus outbreak] and if the PAN of the recipient is not available then the rate will be 20%. However, the amount of TDS cannot exceed the amount of rent paid for the last month. Time of tax deduction is, earlier of:

• The time of credit of rent (for the last month in the previous year or the last month of the tenancy if the property is vacated before during the year), or
• The time of payment (via cash or cheque or draft or any other mode).

No TDS Requirement

• Where the amount paid by way of rent does not exceed ?50000 per month (or part of it), then TDS is not required to be made.
• Also, if TDS is deducted under this section then there is no requirement of TAN.

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What is Section 194-IC of the Income Tax Act?

Section 194-IC has been inserted recently from Budget 2017 and the objective was to bring under scope ‘Joint Development Agreements’. So let’s understand this section in detail:

Who has the to deduct TDS u/s 194IC?

Any person who pays to a resident some consideration (not in kind) under a Joint Development Agreement, has to deduct TDS u/s 194IC.

What is Joint Development Agreement?

This is an agreement between the owner of an asset (being land or building or both) who agrees to allows another person to build a real estate project on such asset, in return for share and/or payment in cash.

What is the rate & time of tax deduction u/s 194IC?

The rate of the tax deduction is 10% [7.5% from 14th May 2020 to 31st March 2021 as relief given by the Finance Minister due to coronavirus outbreak]
and if the PAN of the receiver is not available then the rate is 20%. Time of deducting tax is earlier, the credit of income to the account of the payee (receiver) or actual payment (in cash, cheque, draft or other modes). Also, there is no threshold limit (exemption limit) under this section.

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What is the time duration for depositing TDS?

TDS needs to be deposited by the 7th of the subsequent month except for the month of March. However for the month of March, TDS needs to be deposited by 30th April.

For rent payments u/s 194-IB, a challan cum statement under Form 26QC needs to be filed. This Form 26QC needs to be filed within 30 days from the end of the month in whichTDS has been deducted.

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Frequency and Mode of TDS payment under Section 194-IB

Tenants must deduct and pay the tax to the government. A challan-cum-statement, Form 26QC shall be filed.One important point is that tax deduction account number (TAN) is not necessary to make the transaction under 194-IB.

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Penalty for delayed payment and delayed return filing

• Section 201(1A) :- Late deduction or Late payment of TDS

  Late Deduction : In case, TDS has been deducted but not deposited to the government then in that case interest will be levied

  1. @1.5%per month or part of a month
  2. On the amount of TDS from the date in which TDS was deducted
  3. To the date in which TDS was deposited.

  Late Payment : In case, TDS has not been deducted then in that case interest will be levied

  1. @1%per month or part of a month
  2. On the amount of TDS from the date in which TDS was deducted
  3. To the date in which TDS was deposited.

• Section 234E : Penalty under this section is Rs. 200 per day.the penalty shall be calculated till the failure continue by the deductor. However, the amount of penalty cannot be more than the amount of TDS for which return is required to be filed.

  Let’s say ABC require to file his TDS return for Q2 (July - September) for which due date is 31 October and ABC filed his return for Q2 on 15th of November. In this case, total amount of TDS for which return needs to file is Rs. 2,500. Let us now compute what will be the amount of penalty u/s 234E ?

  Particular	Amount (Rs.)
  Total no. of days of delay	15 days
  Penalty (15*200)	3,000
  Amount of TDS	2,500
  Penalty u/s 234 E (Penalty or TDS amount, whichever is lower)	2,500

• Section 271H : Under this section, Assessing officer can levy penalty ranging from Rs. 10,000/- to Rs.1,00,000/-. The cases attracting penalty under section 271H includes:

  - In case no TDS return has been filed before the expiry of a period of one year from the due date and
  - TDS deducted, late filing fees & interest amount has not been deposited to the government.

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Explain Online TDS Payment Procedure

To make the payment of TDS online follow the step by step process explained hereunder

• Go to TIN NSDL official website
• Select the type of challan applicable
• Form 26QC will open up as shown below
• Fill in the requisite details to make the payment.

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