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It’s always cool hearing the term NRI..!!
How do you feel listening Sharma ji ka beta to NRI hai..
Can you become NRI just by a foreign tour? And how about a foreigner coming to India – Can he become Indian Resident?? More such questions keep coming to our mind.
The answer to all these questions is to check your Residential Status in India!
Our government can collect taxes only from the income generated in India or the income generated from or through the people of India.
Most of the people believe that they are residents of India because they were born here.But, many of them travel outside of India for work. Similarly, people from all over the world come to India.
So, from tax liability point of view, it becomes very confusing whether a person should pay taxes to the Indian Government or Foreign Government. To rest all these confusions , the Income Tax Department has made a standard rules for collection of taxes. These depend on the "Residential Status" of a person.
From income tax point of view, there are normally two categories of residential status in India:
Resident is further classified into two sub parts,
Depending on the residential status, the tax department collect taxes from the person. Residential Status may differ from year to year, so it is to be determined every year.
Before, we get into details of understanding the tax liability. Let's first understand the residential status in detail.
Upon fulfilling "ANY ONE" of the following two conditions (known as basic conditions), you are said to be resident in India for the concerned Financial Year (1, April-31st March of next year). These conditions are:
i) Mr. Bill Gates stayed in India from 01st April 2017 to 31st July 2017 and again from 01 September 2017 to 30 November 2017. Is he a Indian resident for the financial year 2017-2018?
Solution: Total no of days = 30 (april) + 31 (may) + 30 (june) + 31 (july) + 30 (sept) + 31 (Oct) + 30 (Nov) = More than 182 .Since Mr. Bill gates stayed in India for more than 182 days he is said to be Resident in India for financial year 2017-18.
ii) Mr. Bill Gates stayed in India from 01 April 2017 to 31 July 2017 and from
Is he a Indian resident for the financial year 2017-2018?
Solution: Mr Bill gates stayed in India :
In F.Y. 2017-18 Period of Stay= 122 days(30+31+30+31) and
Prior Financial Years =
| Prior Financial Years | Period Of Stay | No of Days Stay |
| F.Y. 2016-17 | 01 September 2016 to 31 March 2017 | = 30+31+30+31+31+28+31=212 Days |
| F.Y. 2015-16 | No Stay | =0 |
| F.Y. 2014-15 | 01 September 2014 to 30 November 2014 | =30+31+30=91 Days |
| F.Y. 2013-14 | 01 September 2013 to 30 November 2013 | =30+31+30=91 Days |
| TOTAL | 394 Days |
Condition (i) = 122 Days (You have stayed for 60 days or more during the financial year)
and
Condition (ii) = 394 Days( A total of 365 days or more during 4 years immediately prior to that financial year)
Thus,he is said to be Resident in India for financial year 2017-18
But, in some cases the 2nd condition mentioned above (60 days & 365 days) doesn't apply.
The 2nd condition mentioned above (60 days & 365 days) doesn't apply in case of
Thus in these cases, only if you stay in India for a period of 182 days or more in the Financial year, you are said to be the Resident of India
Miss Priyanka Chopra went to work outside India for first time.
Is she an Indian resident for the financial year 2017-2018?
Solution:
If "NONE" of the above-mentioned basic conditions (365 or 60 days) are fulfilled, then you are said to be Non-resident in India.
Example:- Bill gates came to visit India on 26 January 2018, the republic day ceremony in India.
Solution: Bill Gates will be Non resident for India because he stayed for less than 182 days and does not even satisfy 60 days condition.
Conclusion :
| Residential Status | 2 Basic Conditions |
| Resident | Any 1 |
| Non Resident | NO |
Once our residential status is decided. Next comes in queue the relevance of residential status on our tax liabilities.
| Particulars | Levy of Tax (Yes/ No) | ||
| Resident | NRI Non-Resident |
||
| Ordinarily Resident | Not-Ordinarily Resident | ||
| Income received or deemed to be received in India | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Income accrued or deemed to be accrued in India | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Income accruing outside India | Yes | No | No |
Important Points
Now that we know the difference between Resident and Non-Residents.Let's get in details and see you are are ordinary resident or non-ordinary resident to understand your tax liability in India.
Once you are clear about your residential status between resident and non-resident. For further understanding about OR [Ordinary Resident] and NOR [Not ordinary Resident ] we need to first learn the additional conditions.
Ordinary Resident (OR)
You will be known as Ordinary resident if you fulfill
Any one of the two basic conditions of 182 or 60 days
+
Both or all two additional conditions of 2 years & 730 days
The additional conditions are:-
(i) You were resident for at least 2 years out of 10 years preceding immediately to the financial year we are talking about;
OR
(ii) You were in India for 730 days or more in 7 years immediately preceding to the financial year we are talking about;
Example:- Mrs Madhuri Dixit Nene born and bought in India. She went outside india for 2 months of feb 2018-march 2018
Solution: Since she satisfy any one basic condition of 365 or 60 days and all additional conditions. She will be known as Ordinary resident of India.
Not- Ordinary Resident (NOR)
Person other than OR will be called as NOR. Which means you will be called NOR if you satisfy
Any one of the two basic conditions of 182 or 60 days
+
Any or none of two additional conditions of 2 years & 730 days
Example:-
Mr Atif Aslam came to India during 01 July 2017 to 28 Feb 2018 for the first time.
Solution: Since Mr. Atif Aslam came to india for first time in last year and stayed for 243 days(31+31+30+31+30+31+31+28) (at least 182 days), he is resident Indian. But since he Does not satisfy any additional condition of 2 years or 730 days he will be termed as – Not ordinary resident of india.
Conclusion:
Saying in Income Tax:
"An Indian Citizen may not be resident Indian, but A Foreign Citizen may be resident Indian."
Non-understanding of correct residential status creates an air of confusion about the tax liability in India.
| Residential Status | 2 Basic Conditions | 2 Additional Conditions |
| Resident | Any 1 | – |
| Not Ordinary Resident | Any 1 | No or Any 1 |
| Ordinary Resident | Any 1 | All 2 |
| Non Resident | NO | – |
While computing the period of stay in India, both the day of entering in India and the day of leaving India shall be counted in the period of stay in India.
