Bank Fixed Deposits - Where The Money Grow Without Risk

What is Fixed Deposit?

Fixed Deposit is a popular investment option provided by banks, in which you can deposit fixed amount of money for a specific period of time and gain from high interest rates. It is one of the safe and secure investments which offers safety and stability to your invested amount. It pays a fixed rate of interest till the maturity period which is higher than regular savings account.

In other words, we can say that a Fixed Deposit is a bank deposit or deposit of the money in the bank for a specific period time chosen by the investor or depositor at a fixed rate of interest. In FD you can deposit money for as short as a week to 20 years of time. The opening of a fixed deposit with the bank is that you are lending money to the bank and it pays you interest that you agreed during the investment. As the time period and interest rates are fixed so it is called as Fixed Deposit (FD).

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Quick notes about the Fixed deposit

• The fixed deposit schemes offered by most banks can availed for tenures ranging from seven days to 10 years. Few banks, such as IDBI bank, Ratnakar bank, RBL, etc .offers fixed deposit that ranging to 20 years as well.
• The interest on FDs is compounded on quarterly basis for most of the banks.
• Periodic payouts, monthly payouts and quarterly are available.
• For senior citizen banks offers 0.25% to 0.50% extra on the investment or Fixed deposits.
• Banks offers Loan against the fixed deposit or up to 90% of amount available. The interest is only 0.5% to 1% higher than the interest rate offered for FD.
• Tax deduction at source (TDS) at the rate of 10% is deducted if the interest income is more than Rs.10,000 in financial year.
• There might be penalty on premature withdrawal of Fixed Deposits.

The Fixed Deposit Rates Of Different Banks

The list of different banks and their interest rates offerings in 2019 are mentioned below. This rates are from lowest 7 days to maximum range of 10 years.

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Types Of Fixed Deposits In India

To suit the different needs of different customers banks offers various types of Fixed deposits. They are:-

Regular FD

Depositing the money for a fixed tenor , ranging from 1 week to 10 years. The rate of interest is fixed during the time of deposit but it is more than the savings account.

Tax-savings FD

The principal amount of the FD is tax exempt upto Rs.1.5 Lakh in a year. The investment made is locked for 5 years and can’t be withdrawn before the maturity date.

Senior Citizen FD

This FD scheme is for the people aged above 60 years, the rate of interest in a little more than regular FD .It is 0.5% to 1% more than the regular FDs.

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Why Do I Invest In Fixed Deposits?

To understand the more easily a comparison of two different investments are shown. The growth rate and returns are determined.

This is the stock prices and the loss of billions for the facebook , just in hours on the day which no one expected and many investors lost millions of dollars.

This will be the growth of your invest in the bank as the years passes by and the amount of interest will be added to your principal amount.

Who Can Invest In Fixed Deposits?

As most of the Indian are middle class people and upper middle class people, with families. Where a father invests in FD for his sons or daughter s education , the retirees deposit FD in the bank to enjoy the interest rates as the monthly allowance. A family dreams to buy their own house all such dreams and desires are fulfilled by the fixed deposits. The fixed deposits which fulfills the dreams of many Indians.

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How the Interest is calculated on FD’s

Fixed deposits are also known as Term deposits, which gives higher interest rates than other saving investments.An investor can calculate the interest on FD’s using the FD calculator in which the principal amount(FD Amount), tenure(FD period), rate of interest on FD and compounding frequency.

The Compounding frequency depends on the type of fixed deposit you choose.

Cumulative fixed deposit

In cumulative FDs the interest is calculated quarterly or yearly and added it to the principal amount and returned along with the Initial Fixed deposit amount at the time of maturity date.

Non-Cumulative fixed deposit

In Non-cumulative FDs the interest is calculated as per the customers choice (monthly/Quarterly/Half yearly/Yearly) and paid to the customers in regular intervals. At the end of the maturity date customer gets the Principal Amount but the interest earned will be paid in a regular intervals.

Here is an example to understand better about the Cumulative and Non-Cumulative FDs.

If you are a customer of XYZ bank and it offers 8% interest rates on 12 months of tenure, you choose fixed deposit amount of Rs.25,000. The interest earned will be as mentioned below.

Examples explaining the calculation of interest on FD’s and the tax treatment so as to take out the effective ROR and the tax

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Things to remember before Investing

Limit of Deposit(MIN/MAX):

The minimum deposit limit amount and maximum deposit limit of FDs in the bank. In some banks you can make minimum deposit of Rs.1000, as per some others banks policies the minimum amount will be Rs.10,000 or above.

The higher amount deposits of FDs are also known as Bulk deposits gives higher interest rates than regular fixed deposits.

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Interest Payment Frequency and compounding Intervals:

The interest payment frequency for a FD is cumulative if the the interest is calculated annually and paid the time of maturity date.

If Non-Cumulative then the interest is paid on regular bases, where the compounding interval of interests will be monthly, quarterly, half-yearly or annually.

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Interest rates for Senior citizens:

Senior citizens who are aged above 60 years will get an advantage in the banking services. In case of FDs senior citizens can an extra interest rate of 0.5 to 1% than regular FD interest rates.

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Tenure and Maturity :

The tenure for the banks starts from 7 days minimum to maximum of 10 years for FDs. But some banks even a tenure of 20 years. And after the maturity date the options for the customers. If he can just take interest and redeposit the principal amount. Other option for customer is that he can take out all the amount or reinvest.

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Partial withdrawals and Penalty on Premature withdrawals:

The partial withdrawals is offered by only few banks, it gives a facility to withdraw some amount of fixed deposit and the rest is kept as FD as per the agreed norms and policies of the bank.

The premature withdrawal or breaking FDs before tenure will levy penalty on you by most of the banks. The penalty will be 0.5% to 1% of the interest rates.

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Loan against FDs:

Loans against FDs are provided by the banks if they need urgent liquid cash. Banks can give loans from 70% to 90% of the FDs principal amount and charge 2% to 3% more than FDs interest rates.

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TDS and TAX on FDs:

Tax deduction at source (TDS) is applicable when the interest earnings are more than Rs.40,000 annually earlier it was Rs.10,000. It is levied upto 10% and 20% if PAN number is not provided.

Income earned through FDs interest is treated as Income earned from other sources. And tax is levied on the customers as per the customer’s income bracket.

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Tax saving FDs:

You can consider the 5 year period FDs which are used to save tax under section 80C. You can save the tax on 1.5 lakh investing it in tax saving FDs. It is applicable to the resident individuals and HUFs.

Note: The interest earned is taxable.

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Can NRI Invest In Fixed Deposit In India?

There are nearly 31.2 million Indian diaspora resides outside of India.NRI have many investment options in India. NRIs hold NRE, NRO accounts which is the popular options among the NRI to invest in NRE FDs and NRO FDs. It’s an ideal and attractive platform for them to invest and earn good returns.

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What Is NRE Account and NRO Account ?

Non-Resident External Fixed deposit is a kind of term deposit account that can be opened by a NRI and makes deposits from overseas in the foreign currency will be converted into indian rupees as per the exchange rates.

NRO Fixed deposit account is for the NRIs to manage the money earned by them in India through rent, pension, dividends or salary.  

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Non-Resident Ordinary Fixed Deposits

One of the popular invest option for the NRIs, it is mostly encouraged by the customers because of its safety and reliability even when the market is fluctuating and under high economic crisis.

Interest Rates on NRO FDs offered by different banks for the deposit less than Rs. 1 crore.

Taxation: There is no taxation on the principal amount, but interest earned is taxable.

Repatriation: Banks don’t offer repatriation on principal amount, but interest earned from the NRO FDs can be transferable to foreign accounts.   

How to open the FD with banks?

Indian banks offer many Fixed deposit options to the customers with high interest rates, flexible tenure ranges and different ranges of interest payment options. Many banks offer regular FDs and Tax saver FDs with high interest rates and extra benefits for the senior citizens.

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How To Apply For FD Online?

1: Visit the banks official website, login with the your User Id and Password of the respective netbanking account.

2: Select the deposit option and select the Fixed deposit schemes.

3: Fill the required details in the respective fields such as branch of the bank, tenure of the FD, deposit amount.

4: Choose the bank account which you want to debit the amount and click proceed.

5: Verify the details and click ‘Confirm’.

6: Take a printout of the confirmation and check the confirmation SMS sent the registered mobile number.

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How To Apply For FD Offline?

1: Visit the nearest branch of the bank in which you want to open FD account.

2: Contact the bank executive and ask for the FD application form.

3: Fill the required details or you can ask the help of banks executive in filling the form.

4: Along with the form provide the required documents needed and deposit the amount you want to invest in FD.

5: The bank will provide FD receipt on the successful deposit of the money.

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Documents Required To Open Bank FD’s

All the individuals, senior citizens and HUFs can apply for FD’s. Two types of proofs are need to open bank FD’s. Any of the following identity proof and address proof will be suffice.

Identity Proof:

• Aadhaar Card
• Passport
• PAN Card
• Voter ID card
• Ration Card
• Senior Citizen Id  Card etc.

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Address Proof:

• Aadhaar Card
• Passport
• Voter ID
• Electricity Bill
• Telephone Bill etc.