What is White Revolution?
The White Revolution was a program launched in the 1970s by Dr Verghese Kurien, who is the founder of Amul. The Indian White Revolution, popularly known as Operation Flood, was a highly effective dairy development initiative that took place in India between 1970 and 1996. Spearheaded by the National Dairy Development Board (NDDB), this program was designed to augment milk production and enhance dairy farming methods across the country. The impact of the White Revolution was remarkable, as it transformed India from a milk-deficient nation into the largest milk producer globally, making it a significant achievement in the field of agricultural development.
How Does White Revolution Work?
This movement focused on improving dairy farming practices like increasing milk production and empowering farmers through cooperative organizations. The government provided farmers with subsidies, loans, and technical help to do this. The government also established a network of cooperative dairies. Using diaries can process and distribute milk.
The White Revolution was successful in increasing milk production in India. In six years, milk production increased by 50%. This increase in production helped to improve the lives of many Indian farmers and their families. It also boosted the economy of India as a whole.
The fundamental principles of the White Revolution revolve around three pillars: technology, organization, and economics.
The impact of the White Revolution on agriculture and rural livelihoods has been momentous. In India, it resulted in a fourfold increase in milk production within three decades, making India the largest milk producer in the world. The success of the White Revolution also led to the establishment of a robust dairy industry that contributes significantly to the country's economy and generates employment opportunities.
Advantages of the White Revolution
The Green Revolution of the 1970s increased agricultural production worldwide. But, it did not do much for India. The country continued to rely on traditional farming methods. It was not very efficient. To increase food production, the Indian government launched the Revolution in the early 1970s.
The Revolution was a series of government initiatives to increase milk production in India. The initiative was successful, and India soon became the world’s largest milk producer. The increased milk production helped to improve the diets of millions of Indians and led to an increase in employment opportunities in the agricultural sector.
Phases of White Revolution
The White Revolution in India progressed through various phases, each characterized by unique initiatives aimed at revolutionizing the nation's dairy industry. Yet, every stage of this movement played a key role in molding India's dairy realm and nurturing socio-economic progress in its rural regions.
The cooperative framework introduced during this revolution has emerged as a cornerstone for agricultural and rural advancement throughout India. Phases of the white revolution are as follows:
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Pre-Operation Flood Phase (1946-1970)
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Operation Flood Phase (1970-1996)
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Creation of the NDDB (National Dairy Development Board)
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Post-Operation Flood Phase (1996 Onward)
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